Love and conflict in Romeo and Juliet Essay

Shakespeargons Romeo and Juliet shows how cope amid the Capulet Romeo and Montague Juliet break downs an ancient conflict betwixt the deuce families. The bit was freshman performed in 1595, the frolic was Shakespeares first tragedy genre. Shakespeare supposes the two lovers are bound by fate, star-crossed. We know that the hatred shown between twain families is an ancient grudge, and that the rivalry is passed down the family tree. The prologue summarises the whole play in advance, this gives an overview of Romeo and Juliets sues.Shakespeare uses different styles of lecture to repbegrudge social classes in the play. The upper class speak in a more than intentional blank verse, dapple the lower classes speak in prose. A clear example of this is the way the servants at the beginning insult each while speaking in prose, however as soon as soon as more aristocratic hatful come in, they speak in blank verse. From the digress of the play we see the servants of both houses s how their dis same to each other. This is one of the major conflicts in the play. Sampson and Gregory are servants of the house of Capulet.The fact that the family rivalry and hatred is present in the low status of a servant, shows how The bitterness is between our masters and us their men. The two Capulet servants show they are low in power as they speak in prose. They use puns as insults, I mean, an well be in choler well draw, as choler also means anger. They argue about their hatred for their enemy, insulting and mocking them in the process. They use sexual innuendo Sampson affirms how he impart rape the women of Montague, after he has dealt with the men, he will be cruel to the maids- I will cut off their heads. Gregory replies The heads of the maids? Sampson then answers his question with Ay, the heads of the maids, or their maidenheads. maidenheads pith virginity. The servants try to de none the Montague servants by referring to them as animals, A dog of the house of Montague moves me. Shakespeare inserts prominent action to the play he applies it to the fight between the servants that is bound to occur. He achieves this by causing excitement over the pedigree of the servants, and the intimidation shown to start a fight.The Capulet servants show they comport pride and look down on Montague men, further they do non want to start a fight and bilk the blame for it, I will frown as I pass by, and let them take it as they list. The Capulet servants provoke the other house into fighting, by saying that they are leering them towards a fight, and if they reject they are cowards, I will bunko my thumb at them, which is a disgrace to bear it. Shakespeare intensifies the dramatic action by showing vocal duelling between the two houses. Montague Do you prick up your thumb at us sir? Capulet I do bite my thumb sir Montague Do you bite your thumb at us sir? Capulet No sir, I do not bite my thumb at you sir, precisely I do bite my thumb sir. Th is verbal duelling creates distrust to the physical fight, by both houses verbally fighting. Following the servants conflict, another conflict occurs between Benvolio and Montague Tybalt. The peacemaker Benvolio comes to the eyeshot to try and resolve the conflict in a non- lurid method, while the pyrogenous Tybalt comes besides to stir more trouble and fight. Benvolio is seen as a negotiator, he tries to talk to Tybalt to make him stop the fight, I do but keep the peace. entrust up thy sword or manage it to part these men with me. Benvolio appears mature and sensible, we get the impression that he wishes to avoid any means of conflict and see the househ gaga grudge resolved. The fiery Tybalt on the other hand is violent and resents the house of Capulet with intensity. Unlike Benvolio he puts violence over peace, as he compares his hatred to that of hell, What, drawn and talk of peace? I despise the word, as I hate hell, all Montagues and thee. Because of his desire for viole nce, we see Tybalt as less mature and intelligent as Benvolio. The conflict between Benvolio and Tybalt sees uses of imagery and blank verse language this shows their broad(prenominal) status.Benvolio speaks calmly and peacefully, while he is commanding in his speech. His desperation to try and resolve could be because he likes to be in control, or he feels it is the indemnify thing to do, or he is in fear of his livelihood. His desperation is shown by his imperative tone. I do but keep peace. There is an opposite antithesis as Benvolio is calm in his speech, while Tybalt is argumentative and shows his familiar ferocity and anger. Have at thee coward Both men use their imagery based on fire. Benvolio describes Tybalt as fiery.Tybalt uses his infernal imagery as he shows his Montague hatred, equal to his hatred of hell, hell beingness a fiery place of evil. As I hate hell, all Montagues. Shakespeare again creates dramatic action in the conflict between Benvolio and Tybalt. Th e opposite interests of both men create this effect, as one is desperate to fight, while the other is desperate to stop the fight. Benvolio is demanding and desperate to keep peace, I do but keep the peace. Put up thy sword, or manage it to part these men with me. hammy action for Benvolio is created by his goal to resolve the conflict and search for peace.Tybalt wants to fight with his enemy and has no interest in peace, his violent advised creates his dramatic action. I will now look into the triple way conflict between the Prince and the two houses. The Prince shows signs of resent to both houses, as they do not keep peace he calls them rebellious subjects, and enemies to peace. The Prince, like Benvolio wants peace over brawling, he dislikes the way peace has been broken in Verona, where it is his job in his high fix of Authority to keep peace and deal with disruptions against laws of Verona. Three civil brawls bred of an airy word.By thee, old Capulet, and Montague. Have th rice disturbed the quiet of our streets. As the Prince is the highest in authority, he rightly feels he should be respected by the houses, and the fact that they have again broke his laws and not listened to his warnings makes him believe they do not respect him as they should. This leads to the Prince becoming angry, and causes him to make a final deadly warning, that if any further violent outbreaks occur, lives shall be taken. If you ever disturb our streets again, your lives shall pay the forfeit of the peace. As a further punishment, the Prince tells the citizens to be angry of the wrong doing which has taken place, this leads to extra guilt on the houses, And made Veronas ancient citizens Cast by their grave be come alonging ornaments. Looking bum at where the families went wrong, they did not show signs of keeping peace, possibly because if a family gives in and backs away from the other, they will look the weaker and more cowardly family, and with the strong pride that i s present in both households, it is not a desired option. Capulet What is this?Give me my long sword Montague Thou villain Capulet Hold me not Let me go The Lords of both family have the same desire to fight as the servants, however this is not the way high class Lords should be acting. The Prince wants to be in control, and proves this by speaking in a commanding and powerful manner. He threatens lives of people that go against his orders, as he requires high amounts of respect because he is so high in authority. The Prince uses rhetorical language to display his anger at the families disobeying his laws and orders, Will they not hear? The Prince uses imagery of fiery blood, to show the houses violent rage, That quench the fire of your pernicious rage, with purple fountains subject from your veins. The families speak angrily as they want to fight, Give me my long sword Lady Capulet adds comedy to the play as she mocks her husbands old age, A crutch, a crutch Lady Montague sho ws her control over her husband, as she orders him not to get involved in the fight, Thou shall not stir one foot to assay a foe. Both families speak in blank verse to show their high status.The lords violent conscious adds dramatic action to the scene, as they immediately want to fight each other, My sword I say Old Montague is come Lady Montague adds comedy this decreases the build up of tension, A crutch, a crutch Romeo has an internal conflict, as he loves Juliet, but he feels he should hate her, as she is Capulet. The conflict is between his love for her and the traditional rivalry of the houses. O dear account, my life is in my foes debt. Romeo wants to still be loyal to his house, but he wants to love Juliet. He feels guilt when he marries her because he keeps it secret against his family and friends.I pray, that thou consent to wed us today Romeo is also in fear as he is going against his family and house, Ay, so I fear the more is my unrest. Romeos love is so strong , he finally comes to the conclusion that he is make water to give up his name, so he can love Juliet without the guilt of being a Montague, anticipate me but love and Ill be new baptised. Henceforth I never will be Romeo. This is a big step for Romeo, he is effectuate to give up his pride and dignity of being a Montague. Romeo speaks in blank verse this shows he is of a high social status.Romeo is desperate and typesetters case in his speech as he is so infatuated with Juliet he proves this by immediately abstracted to candy kiss Juliet. My lips, two blushing pilgrims ready to stand. To smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss. He compares Juliet with the shining dominant beauty of the sun, what light yonder window breaks? It is the east, and Juliet is the sun. He speaks rhetorically about his love, Did my gist love till now? When Romeo first lays eyes on Juliet, he speaks in praise of her as if she is an angel, and is excessively beautiful for this earth, Beauty too r ich for use, for Earth too dear. Romeo then goes on to kiss Juliet, and then comes out with a rather fast decision that he is in love. Dramatic action is then created when his perfect love is spoilt when he discovers she is a Capulet, Is she a Capulet? O dear account, my life is in my foes debt. Dramatic action is then intensified when he decides he will give up his name for Juliet, Call me but love and Ill be new baptised. Henceforth I never will be Romeo. Romeo firstly is in sexually attraction to fellow Montague Roseline, his love is unrequited. out of her favor where I am in love. Romeo is depressed and in despair for he is out of her favour as his love is not being returned. The love is one way. Romeo is so mixed up with his love he is lost in thought, this causes Romeo to lose track of time, as he believes the day is dragging on, Ay me sad hours seem long. Romeo wrongly thinks he is in unbowed love, however his attraction to her is only based on her beauty, have it away is a smoke made with the fume of sights. This is courtly love. When Romeo speaks about his false love for Roseline, he shows his state of depression and despair, Not having that, that makes them short. Romeo uses imagery of Cupid to say that Roseline will not fall for his love. Shell not be benefit with Cupids arrow. He says she has Dianes whit as Roseline will not show love back for his unrequited love, and she will not love anyone. Romeo uses oxymoron in his words to show his despair and confusion in his love. O heavy lightness. Serious Vanity. Shakespeare again creates dramatic action in Romeos love for Roseline, Romeos point of desperation and depression causes this. Romeo is in an illusion by thinking he is in true love while it is truly courtly love, this shows his inexperience in love, this also creates slight humour.Why much(prenominal) is loves transgression. Grieves heavy on my breast. Romeo passes on his depression in his conversation with Benvolio. Romeo Dost thou antic? Benvolio No coz, I rather weep. Romeo Good heart, at what? Benvolio At thy good hearts oppression. The important love in the play is that of Romeo and Juliet. They fall in love at first sight, as theyre both attracted to each others beauty. Romeo shows Juliets beauty by saying she outshines the brightest torches in the room, O she doth teach the torches to burn bright. Again we see Romeo falling easily to sexual attraction, as he did with Roseline. And despicable her makes my hand rude. He considers Juliet a holy object and therefore untouchable. Unlike Roseline, Juliet answers back to Romeos love, My only love sprung from my only hate. Romeo uses imagery to compare Juliet to the beauty of angels, Beauty too rich for use, for Earth too dear. He again refers to Juliet as holy, as he says his lips are pilgrims that have travelled to her to kiss her holiness, My lips, two blushing pilgrims ready to stand. Romeo uses hyperbole terms to express Juliets beauty, O she doth teach the torches to burn bright. Romeo and Juliets language is both really for the moment, as they wish for the moment never to end. They are both precise lustful, as they both have the same desire to kiss each other. Romeo My lips two blushing pilgrims ready stand to smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss. Juliet Then have my lips the sin that they have took. Both lovers speak in blank verse showing their high role in their houses. Dramatic action is created in the way that both Romeo and Juliet both fall in love at first sight.A big shock for both is when find out they are from rival families. Romeo says, My life is in my foes debt. Juliet shows the same reaction, My only love sprung from my only hate. Romeos praise of Juliet helps strengthen dramatic action. I believe Shakespeare wrote the play to show the power of love. He shows the dangers and advantages in the play. Because there love was so strong, Romeo and Juliet died and many people were killed. The advantages t this love is obvious, the way their tragic death and love resolves a great conflict between the two houses.

History with Derek Mahon Essay

History is a subject which preoccupies Mahon in many of his around important verse forms. I would have particular numberss because of his view towards our muniment and the past. His poetry presents history in a very negative light. Mahon sees the past as deep-delving, dark, deliberate you would say. In the verse form Rathlin Mahon recalls historical abandon on an island that is now a sanctuary of peace and through with history. til now this island in the past has witnessed unspeakable violence with the massacre of the Rathlin women. He speaks of the unnatural silence on the island in stages becoming natural over the years through the island not being inhabited. Come the end of the poem Mahon is unsure whether the future lies before us or behind. Whether the violence is now behind us or is violence a continuing part of our future?In Mahons Poem Kinsale there is a wel acquire and a long awaited moment of light and hope. The dependenting line of this poem was an optimistic th ought from Mahon himself by saying, the cordial of rain we knew is a thing of the past. The use of imagery in this poem is both vivid and warming. The image of Yachts tinkling and dancing in the bay is a owing(p) image as it is both beautiful and positively uplifting. The sunshine is a direct contrast to the rain. The sun is an image of hope and the future forbidden to no-one while the rain is the constant reminder of a violence filled history. Although Mahon showed a slight sense of hope he is constantly overcome with those who have come so far in darkness and in pain.In the poem A old Shed in Co. Wexford he uses the metaphor of mushrooms neglected in a tramp to represent the victims of history. recreate note This is not an example of text written by our writers Essaypedia.com is a database of essays that were collected at open web resources. You can use them at you own risk following the citation rules below.But we pep up you to order a custom plagiarism-free essay written good for you from one of our writers. Place an order, add your idea details and enjoy the results You can keep in touch with your writer, check the draft of your paper and radiate your order for revision for free. If you ar hesitating to place an order just ask for a paraphrase However the both extraordinary and unbelievable picture of mushrooms with feelings is not the only reason I would choose this poem.Mahon uses the image of mushrooms neglected and forgotten to portray the misery and despair of thousands of victims who have died or survived the torturous past. They are begging us you see to not forget them or forget what they have been through. Even the most insignificant people in history still deserve the recognition for their struggle. Small heroes from the past In their wordless way are saying Let not our nave labours have gone in vain. Mahon also deals greatly with the home of isolation in this poem. The mushrooms are completely cut make from the world and their onl y form of light Is a keyhole rusting gently after rain.The theme of isolation is also portrayed in the poem Grandfather. The Grandfather in the poem has completely disjointed himself from family and friends. Discreetly up to no good he leaves the house in the morning and does not contain until by and by dark. However nothing gets by this grandfather, Nothing escapes him, he escapes us all. His shrewd eyes bolt the door to his life and he would rather not be bothered by anyone or anything. Another good choice of poem sticking with the theme of isolation would be After the Titanic. In this poem the persona of Bruce Ismay is overcome with guilt and as a result has completely separate himself from the world. This poem is a favourite of mine also because Mahon writes in the persona of Ismay so brilliantly.Include me in your lamentations was the final line of this poem and it sums up what Ismay was asking for. Like the mushrooms in A Disused shed in Co. Wexford he wanted to be remem bered just like those who had died in the sinking of the titanic. He believed he sank as far that night as any hero as his life and soul died that night. He watched the ship go thundering down and with it went his costly life. He now stays in bed and will see no-one. Mahon allows the reader to become Bruce Ismay if only for a minute. It is amazing reading this poem. The poem Antarctica is also a great example of Mahons ability of writing in a variety of personas.In this poem Mahon writes in the persona of captain Lawrence Oates an explorer who gave his life for the lives of his fellow men. I am just going outside and may be some time are said to be his final words. Mahons deals greatly with the theme of people in this poem. He shows that there is good in man kind and At the heart of the ridiculous, the sublime.Mahon shows that even in the worst instances of isolation imaginable, trudging utterly alone, to his death Oates work may seem entirely ridiculous but in this case it is some what heroic. People in life may make some pretty foolish decisions but there might incessantly be a good outcome. The poetry of Derek Mahon is poetry that one could not live without. With this collection of rattling(prenominal) pieces his poetry will continue through generations and linger in peoples minds for some time, In fact forever and a day.

Qwl Journal of Management and Business Research

Global diary of counseling and credit line Research sight 12 douse 18 Version 1. 0 division 2012 Type Double Blind Peer Reviewed planetary Research journal Publisher Global daybooks Inc. (USA) Online ISSN 2249-4588 & mug ISSN 0975-5853 cyphers Affecting lumber of educate heart An epitome on Employees of occult Limited Companies in Bangladesh By Mohammad Baitul Islam East West University (EWU, BD) Abstract Quality of convey flavour is a scathing concept with having scores of importance in employees liveness.Quality of counterfeit livelihood story indicates a prim relief both in pretend and personal invigoration which in any case ensure ecesisal productiveness and employees blood line gladness. This explore study attempted to find let on the instruments that obligate an impact and substance twist on feel of deed breeding of employees in secret limited companies of Bangladesh. To begin with the factors atomic issuing 18 identified through boo ks review and current context of use of Bangladesh. Seven factors were found and a quantitative search was d wholeness. After lowdeveloped a questionnaire, survey was conducted among 100 employees.The outcome of the inquiry is that six out of seven factors ( stimulate load, family invigoration, transportation, earnings insurance and benefits, clobberings surround, forming check out and biography outgrowth) pack signifi ceaset influence on lineament of be devoted animateness. The study concluded that an appropriate organization culture, salary policy, career growth and relative facilities back end leads to a satisfied employee mindset which ensure the overall organization productivity. Keywords Quality of determine disembodied spirit, Job felicity, placement Productivity, Career, Organization Culture, Relative Facility.GJMBR-A Classification FOR Code 150305, 150311 JEL Code J28, O15 Factors Affecting Quality of drub flavour An abstract on Employees of Pri vate Limited Companies in Bangladesh Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of 2012. Mohammad Baitul Islam. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3. 0 Unported License http//creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/3. 0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in some(prenominal) medium, provided the original engage is prudishly cited.Business counseling Study GuideFactors Affecting Quality of Work vitality An summary on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh Mohammad Baitul Islam Abstract Quality of put to fiddle action is a critical concept with having lots of importance in employees career. Quality of work breeding indicates a proper repose both in work and personal conduct which as well as ensure organizational productivity and employees job satisfaction. This research study attempted to find out the factors that have an impact and signifi groundw orkce influence on role of work breeding of employees in close limited companies of Bangladesh.To begin with the factors are identified through literature review and current context of Bangladesh. Seven factors were found and a quantitative research was done. After developing a questionnaire, survey was conducted among 100 employees. The outcome of the research is that six out of seven factors (work load, family life sentence, transportation, wages policy and benefits, on the job(p) purlieu, work(a) reason and career growth) have significant influence on lumber of work life.The study concluded that an appropriate organization culture, requital policy, career growth and relative facilities can leads to a satisfied employee mindset which ensure the overall organization productivity. Keywords Quality of work life, Job satisfaction, Organization Productivity, Career, Organization Culture, Relative Facility. II. Background of the Study n Bangladesh a good number of people a re work in secret sector and they contribute a certain take aim of valuable time to their companies.In there, they give their scoop out effort to get an appreciation and for unions goodwill. scarcely step of work life is much(prenominal) a concept which of necessity a certain balance both in professional and personal life. This research is all about identifying the factors that flat affects ones tint of work life. It is very main(prenominal) to have a positive fictional character of work life experience if someone wants to give his or her 100 percent effort to the company.Quality of work life is a philosophy or set of principals which holds that people are trustworthy, responsible and capable of qualification valuable office to the organization (Rose, Beh, Uli & Idris, 2006). However, select of work life is directly influenced by job satisfaction and external environment and personal like. There should have be a proper level of balance in work life and total life sp ace. In my research, I have identified some major factors that germ BBA (Marketing & HRM) & MBA (HRM), East West University (EWU, BD).PGD (Marketing oversight), Bangladesh Institute of Management (BIM, BD). E-mail emailprotected com I I. Introduction It is very important for employees to have a ripe mindset in their work field in order to utilize their unspoilt potential and to add harbor to the organization. A satisfied employee is an asset for a company as he or she will ensure the full productivity. To begin with, quality of work life is such a concept that directly related to the satisfaction. check to Dolan, Garcia, Cabezas and Tzafrir (2008), quality of work life is a major concern for employees and how organizations weightlift with this issue is both of academic and practical consequence. Therefore, job satisfaction and satisfaction in hush-hush life both are important for having a positive quality of work life experience. Mostly the quality of work life considers th e work life and it is to change the climate at work along with human-technological-organizational interface (Luthans, 1995).According to (Davis & Cherns, 1975 Sashkin & Burke, 1987), quality of work life is not only enhancing the companys productivity but in like manner employee identification and a sense of belonging and pride in their work. found on various researches we can identify some determinants of quality of work life which are adequate and fair compensation, safe and health work environment, chance for career growth and security, social integration in the work organization which relates to license of speech, work and total life space and the social relevance to the work. 2012 Global diarys Inc. (US) Global Journal of Management and Business Research glitz XII Issue XVIII Version I whitethorn directly affect the quality of work life experience and the factors are, work load, working condition and career growth, compensation and benefits, working environment which a re directly influence the job satisfaction. These factors are controllable by the company. Besides, family life and transportation facilities are the other factors that directly influenced individuals mental motivation in Bangladesh.However, the marrow of quality of work life may vary to different people. So the primary objective of this research is to test the reliability of identified factors that influenced the quality of work life and the insights are captured from the employees of private limited companies of Bangladesh. Based on the primary objective and data e evaluation, a recommendation has been drawn in my research. division 2012 23 Factors Affecting Quality of Work flavor An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh 24 2Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I In Bangladesh candidates supply is more than the demand indeed it is difficult to find ones suitable job in the market. Though the private compan ies are increasing but employee satisfaction is still a major concern for quality of work life. Along with that, in Bangladesh employee satisfaction can be hampered by private life also. Transportation engagement is a major part of private life and in Bangladesh lack of transportation facility is a vital issue for late access in the office.In this study I have include family life and transportation facility in to the quality of work life concept. These two factors are also related to mental health of employees and a sound mental health is very important to gain intensity in the work. However, I have also included some other factors which works inside the organization and also related to quality of work life of employees. In the context of quality of work life, organizations have policies and benefits for proper employee valuation.Quality of work life is a groovy deal considered in two direction, one is to removal of negative aspects of work and working conditions and other direc tion is the adjustment of work and working conditions to enhance the capability of employees and to promote de misbegotor which important for individual and society (Kotze, 2005). According to Dessler (1981), quality of work life was seen as the level to which employees are able to satisfy their personal needs not only in terms of material matters but also of self respect, contentment and an opportunity to use their talents make percentage and for personal growth.So it is very important for an organization to provide employees proper valuation which will satisfy them and will ensure the productivity. III. ? Research Objectives a) Broad Objectives Determining the Factors Affecting Quality of Work invigoration An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh. b) Specific Objectives ? ? ? ? Determining the shiftings that affect the quality of work life of employees. Determining which variable plays the most significant role on quality of work life.Establishing possibility on the basis of the research work. Drawing a qualitative and quantitative conclusion on the basis of the survey. IV. Literature Review Based on researchers analysis numerical articles have been written on quality of work life. In case of Bangladesh the research article on quality of work life is very few. In this study I have tried my best to introduce some concerning factors that affects the quality of work life of those people who are working in private sector of Bangladesh.I do view several advantages are associated with my study. Quality of work life is such a concept that indicates a balance both in personal and professional life of an individual. Therefore it can be hampered if someone is not satisfied with his or her work life or family life. However positive quality of work life experience is very important and it is directly interrelated with job satisfaction and productivity. It is a fact which also controls the mental health.According to Plug, Louow & Gouws ( 1991) mental health is a state of relative good alteration that is escorted by touch modality of satisfaction, a zest for life and the actualization of potential skills as well as absence of psychopathological conditions. So to have a positive quality of work life experience, a good quality of life is very important. Mendola and Pellingrini (1979) summarized quality of life as it is the individuals accomplishment of a satisfying social situation indoors the limits of apparent physical ability.Every human has a concern about their life and quality comes out when it the concentrations ends with some specific points. According to Shin and Johnson (1978) Quality of life is the ownership of resources inevitable for the satisfaction of individual needs, wants and desires, participation in the activities permitting personal development and self actualization and satisfactory semblance between oneself and others. Moreover, a proper balance in quality of work life can dedicate more pro ductivity for an organization. A satisfied employee can give more than 100 percent contribution to his or her company.If we consider the whole organization as an internal environment then it becomes very important to have optimum work pressure, accurate benefits and enough facility along with career development within the company. All of these interrelated with the job satisfaction and therefore quality of work life. Besides, if we consider the external environment then family life, social status and transportation will be the vital factors. So having a proper balance in these areas is also important. In Bangladesh a great amount of people are working in private limited companies and the number of private company is increasing day by day.Considering the oversized number of population, in Bangladesh the human resource supply is more than the demand. Therefore, the bargaining power is more for company where candidates are having less bargain power. On the other hand, lots of employee s are not running on their suitable jobs. It seriously affects their career development. Most of the employees consider compensation package and benefits, position, work load and career development as their satisfaction benchmark. However, in Bangladesh transportation facility is another very important factor that directly yr 2012 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh affects employees mental health. Based on this, some upper level company like Grameenphone limited, Robi, Unilever Bangladesh, near Bangladesh, Banglalink, some private banks, private universities has develop their own culture and working environment. Besides, a good compensation package and benefits are offered by them. All of these are important for job satisfaction and finally quality of work life.In Bangladesh, companies are mainly slaying oriented and their organizational culture and work pressure may be the reas on of dissatisfaction in quality of work life. As human supply is more so high turnover rate and high competition is also a major concern regarding quality of work life. Quality of work life has been defined in various ways. According to Rose, Beh, Uli and Idris (2006) quality of work life is a philosophy or set of principals, which holds that people are trustworthy, responsible and capable of making a valuable contribution to the organization.It also guides respect and the elements that are relevant to an individual quality of work life include task, working environment, organizational culture, administrative system and the congenericship between on the job and off the job life. Serey (2006), define quality of work life as it is a certain and best meet the existing work environment along with intendful and satisfying work. It also includes a. an opportunity to see ones talents and abilities to face challenges that require in subordinate initiative and self direction. b. an acti vity thought to be valuable by the individuals involvement. c. n activity in which the role of individual in achievement of some overall goals is understandable. d. a sense of taking pride in what one is doing and in doing it well. Lau, Wong, Chan and Law (2001) measures quality of work life as the favorable working atmosphere that chains and promotes satisfaction by giving employees with rewards, job security and career development opportunity. Therefore quality of work life and its analogyship with employee health and performance has become an explicit objective for many of the human resource policies in modern organizations (Dolan, Saba, Jackson & Schuler, 2007).Heskett, Sasser and Schlesinger (1997) summarize quality of work life as the outlook that employees have towards their job, colleagues and organization that light a chain leading to the organizations growth and profitability. Quality of life is such a concept which is basically associated with satisfaction mainly in the work life and Mirvis and Lawler (1984) highlighted that salary, working hours, working condition, safe working environment and opportunities for advancement describes- the basic components of a good quality of work life.Hackman and Oldhams (1980) provoke the V. Conceptual Framework A conceptual framework has been developed (Figure 1) that is one of the relative construct of this study. VI. Hypotheses teaching 1= Word load has an impact on quality of work life of the employees 2 = Family life affects the quality of work life of the employees 3 = Transportation facilities affect quality of work life of the employees 4 = allowance and benefits affects quality of work life of the employees = Colleagues and supervisor relationship affects quality of work life of the employees 6 = workings environment has an impact over quality of work life of the employees 7 = Working condition and career growth opportunities affects quality of work life of the employees VII. Based on research question spare-time activity hypotheses has been developed for the study- Research Methodology The type of research used in this article is of descriptive nature. with this descriptive research, the article sought to determine the answers to why, 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US)Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I constructs of quality of work life in relation to the interaction between work environment and personal needs. Along with structural modification good relation between supervisor and subordinates is important for a good quality of work life (Bertrand and Scott, 1992). Quality of work life refers the quality of life that is associated with job characteristics and work conditions as well as capability of cause a job with an employees option, interest and needs (Lawler 1982 and Beukema 1987 Datta 1999).Katzell et. Al (1975) defined quality of work life more broadly as an individuals valuation of the outcome of the work relatio nship. They observed employee can have positive quality of work life if he has positive feelings towards his job, if he is motivated with his private life and if he has a balance between the two terms of his personal values. To conclude, most of the studies on quality of work life are focused on personality and job satisfaction in where some studies also focused on motivation, organization culture and individuals needs and desire.In the context of Bangladesh the most important factors that directly affect the quality of work life are work load, compensation and benefits, colleagues and supervisor, working condition and career development, working environment, family life and transportation facilities. After evaluation of studies and considering the nation these factors one at a time has an impact on quality of work life. 25 Year 2012 Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh 26 2 Global Journal of Management and Busin ess Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I hat, where and how questions of the existing employees in public sector of Bangladesh and their expectations. It also involves necessitateing information that explain peoples beliefs, knowledge, attitude and behavior (Fink, 1995, Sommer & Sommer, 1996). Primary data was collected through telephone and online survey for analysis and secondary data was be used as a support tool. A total of 100 sample size considered to be adequate for my study. Each and every response is checked thoroughly for incomplete and missing response. The questionnaire has two part in were the first part contains some demographic information.Table 1 gives a proper summary of this crystalize of information. In the second part, the questionnaire contains 32 items to construct the seven independent variables along with a dependent variable in my study. The selected independent variables are work load, compensation and benefits, colleagues and supervisor, working en vironment, working condition and career growth, family life and transportation. A five point Likert scale (1= Strongly Disagree to 5= Strongly Agree) was used to collect data from the respondents. The questionnaire was outlined in English and understandable.Reliability analysis was done to identify the reliability of my study. Beside this, regression analysis, scheme testing was done for a proper justification and to draw an appropriate recommendation in my study. VIII. mean scores of the factors of QWL with standard deviation also shown (Table 4) in my study. i. Hypotheses Testing To conduct the shot test a regression analysis has been done and seven factors which have an effect in quality of work life are considered. However, details of the influence of independent variable over dependent variable have been shown in Table 7.First assumption was 1 , Word load has an impact on quality of work life of the employees. According to the analysis, the consequence value for the hypoth esis is 0. 000, which is less than level of meaning ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and 1 is accepted. Second hypothesis was 2 , Family life affects the quality of work life of the employees. According to the analysis, the deduction value for the hypothesis is 0. 000, which is less than level of import ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and 2 is accepted.Third hypothesis was 3 , Transportation facilities affect quality of work life of the employees. In this case, the significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 007, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and 3 is accepted. My fourth hypothesis was 4 , salary and benefits affects quality of work life of the employees. Here, the significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 000, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and 4 is accepted.My fifth hypothesis was 5, Colleagues and supervisor relationship affects quality of w ork life of the employees. According to the analysis, the significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 332, which is greater than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is accepted and H5, is rejected. Sixth hypothesis was 6, working environment has an impact over quality of work life of the employees. The significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 014, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and is accepted. lowest hypothesis was 7 working condition and career growth opportunities affects quality of work life of the employees. The significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 009, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and 7 is accepted. ii. regression Analysis From the regression analysis (Table 5), I found the R square value to be 0. 425 meaning 42. 5% of the variability in the quality of work life of employees in the private limited companies in Bangladesh can be explained by these seven independent factors.In this case the independent variables are work load, family life, transportation, compensation policy and benefits, colleagues and supervisor, working environment and working condition and career growth. From the ANOVA table we see that the significance value is 0. 000 (Table Year 2012 selective information Analysis and Findings My study contains 69% male respondent and 31% effeminate respondent (Table 1). Among them 94% respondents age is in between 21-30 years and rest of 6% respondents is under 31-40 years of age. However, 44% respondents already have 2-3 years of professional experience in where 27% respondents have 3-5 years of experience.Moreover, some freshers are having 1-2 years of experiences are also included in my study and the percentage is 23%. A reliability analysis is commonly used to identify the internal consistency of the variables. However, Cronbachs alpha is commonly used to test the reliability and the range of alpha coeffic ient value is in between 0 to 1. The higher value indicates the higher reliability (Hair, et al. , 1992). A value more than . 70 is significantly good measure for sufficient scale of reliability (Cronbach, 1951, Nunnally, 1987).According to the Cronbachs alpha test the value of alpha in my study is 0. 732 (Table 2 & Table 3) which is higher than minimum pleasant value. Therefore, 73. 20% of data are reliable in my study. This reliable analysis has been done for all dependent and independent variables and so far I am satisfied. Besides, this reliability test contains 32 items based on which I make my hypothesis test. A 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) a) Demographic Data Analysis b) Secondary Data Analysis Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh ), thus proving that the model is valid and significant. However, among 7 factors six of them (work load, family life, transportation, compensation policy and benefits, workin g environment, working condition and career growth) have positive and significance influence on quality of work life. Only single(a) factor named colleagues and supervisor has no significance impact on quality of work life. Probably, respondents have given less notice on it. iii. Limitation This research study has some restriction and the major limit factor for this report is complexity of the topic.Since the survey will be conducted on questionnaire therefore it is a great challenge to ensure the actual validity of the response. In some cases, the topics were not understood by the employees who have minimal idea about the quality of work life. Respondents are selected only from Dhaka city therefore this research does not reflect the perception of employees of each corner of Bangladesh. However unwillingness of respondents was another limitation of my study. Moreover, R Square (0. 425) is comparatively low which means that other factors can also influence the quality of work life of employees in private limited companies of Bangladesh. v. References References Referencias 1. Arts, E. J. , Kerksta, J. and Van der Zee (2001) Quality of Working Life and Workload in Home Help Nordic College of Caring Sciences, 12-22. 2. Baptiste, N. R. (2008). Tightening the link between employee public assistance at work and performance A new dimension for HRM. Management Decision, 46(2), 284-309. 3. Bertrand, J. (1992). Designing quality into work life. Quality Progress, 12, 29-33. 4. Carayon, P. (1997). Temporal Issues of Quality of Working Life and Stress in charitable Computer Interaction. International Journal of gentlemans gentlemanComputer Interaction, 9(4), 325-342. 5. Carayon, P. , Hoonakker, S. & Scwarz, J. (2003). Job Characteristics and Quality of Working Life in the IT workforce The role of gender, ACM SIGMIS CPR Conference. edit by E. Trauth, April. 10-12, 2003, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ACM Press, 5863 6. Cooper, C. L. (1991). Stress in organizations. In M. Smith (Ed. ), Analysing Organisational Behaviour. London MacMillan. 7. Cummings, T. G. , & Molly, E. S. (1997). Improving Productivity and the Quality of Work Life. New York Praeger Publishers. 8. Danna, K. , & Griffin, R. W. (1999). Health and wellbeing in the workplace A review and synthesis of the literature. Journal of Management, 25(3), 357384. . Davison, Efraty, D. , & Sirgy, M. J. (1990). The effects of quality of working life (QWL) on employee behavioural responses. Social Indicators Research, 22, 31-37. 10. Elizur, D. , & Shye, S. (1990). Quality of work life and its relation to quality of life. Applied Psychology International Review, 39(3), 275-291. 11. Fisher, C. D. , Schoenfeldt, L. F. and Shaw, J. B. (2004) adult male Resources Management. Biztantra New Delhi. 12. Goodman, P. S. (1980), ? Quality of Work Life Projects in 1980s? Industrial Relations Research Association pp-487-494 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) 27 Conclusion and RecommendationThis research study is t ried to examine the factors that have an impact on quality of work life of employees of private limited companies in Bangladesh. The seven factors are work load, family life, transportation, compensation policy and benefits, colleagues and supervisor, working environment and working condition and career growth. The outcome of the research indicates that six out of seven factors (work load, family life, transportation, compensation policy and benefit, working environment and working condition and career growth) have significant influence on quality of work life and the remaining factor (colleagues and supervisor) has no ignificant influence on quality of work life. From the finding, it can be recommended that quality of work life is such a critical concept that might be disgusted due to dissatisfaction of mind set. However, the companies can focus on their employees welfare by providing them a fracture and attractive compensation policy, optimum work load and by providing a superio r work environment. The private companies should create a career growth opportunity within their environment that may lead to a better performance and therefore a better productivity.Moreover, participation management will increase the enthusiasm of employees as they will have an opportunity to participate with their ideas. So the private companies of Bangladesh can focus on it. On the other Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I Year 2012 hand, transportation is such a factor which is seriously involve in mental satisfaction. Therefore, if the companies can provide a transportation facility then they might kidnapping a positive impression from employees and the employees may not need to harass by external environment.However, the government of Bangladesh can take some steps to provide adequate and affordable transportation facilities for the local people. Finally, I think if the company could manage our work life along with the transpo rtation facility, our family or private life could be managed as we will be mentally happy. Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh 28 2 Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I 13. Glasier, E (1976), ? State of the Art, Questions about Quality of Work Life? Personnel. 14. Hanlon, M. D. and Gladstein, D. L. (1984) Improving the Quality of Work Life in Hospitals A drive Study, Hospital Health Service Administration, 29(5), 94107. 15. Havlovic, S. J. (1991) Quality of Work Life and Human Resource Outcomes, Industrial Relations, 30(3), 469-479. 16. Khan, A. A. (2008). Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations (2nd Edn. ). Abir Publications Dhaka. 17. Loscocco, K. A. and Roschelle, A. R. (1991) Influences on the Quality of Work and Non- Work Life two Decades in Review, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 39(2), 182-225. 8. Lambert, S. J. (1990). Process linking work and f amily A critical review and research agenda. Human Relations, 43, 239-257. 19. Lawler, E. E. (1975). Measuring the psychological quality of working life The why and how of it, in L. E. Davis and A. B. Cherns (Ed. ), The Quality of Working Life, Vol. 1 (pp. 123-133). New York Free Press. 20. Periman, S. L. (2006), Human Resource Innovators, integrating quality of work life into organizational performance, http//www. quaiindia. com accessed 15 Jan 2010. 21. Rose, R. C. , Beh, L. S. , Uli, J. , Idris, K. 2006) Quality of Work Life Implications of Career Dimensions, Journal of Social Sciences, 2(2), 61-67. 22. Saraji, G. N. & Dargahi, H. (2006), Study of Quality of Work Life (QWL), Iranian Journal of Publication Health 35(4), 8-14. 23. Walton, R. E. (1975), Criteria for Quality of Working Life, in Davis, L. E. & Cherns, A. B. (eds. ), The quality of working life, New York The Free Press, pp. 99104. 24. Wyatt, T. A. & Wah, C. Y. (2001), Perceptions of QWL A study of Singaporean Employees Development, Research and Practice in Human Resource Management 9 (2), 59-76 Year 2012 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US)Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh Figure 1 A Conceptual frame work of Factors affecting Quality of Work Life. Family Life Transportation Private Life Quality of Work Life 29 Work Life Work Load honorarium and Benefits Working environment Colleagues and Supervisor Working Condition and Career Growth Table 1 Demographic Profile of Respondent. Gender Male feminine (%) 69. 00 31. 00 Age 21-30 years 31- 40 years 40 years an (%) 94. 00 6. 00 0. 00 Position executive Sr. Executive Officer Sr. Officer Asst. Manager Manager Merchandiser Asst.Territory Officer Territory Manager Management Trainee Teacher Specialist Total 100. 00 Total 100. 00 Total (%) 48. 00 4. 00 19. 00 4. 00 6. 00 2. 00 2. 00 3. 00 3. 00 2. 00 4. 00 3. 00 100. 00 Total 100. 00 Year of 1-2 eld 2-3 Years 3-5 Years 5-7 Years 8 Year s and (%) 23. 00 44. 00 27. 00 4. 00 2. 00 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I Year 2012 Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh Table 2 Reliability Statistics. Cronbachs Alpha . 32 Cronbachs Alpha Based on Standardized Items . 786 N of Items 32 Table 3 Reliability Tests. Factors Name Items 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Values 0. 796 0. 60 0. 825 0. 526 0. 821 0. 927 0. 809 0. 471 Quality of Work Life (Dependent) Work Load (Independent) Family Life ((Independent)) Transportation (Independent) Compensation Policy and Benefits (Independent) Colleagues and Supervisor (Independent) Working surroundings (Independent) Working Condition and Career Growth (Independent) Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I Year 2012 30 2 Table 4 Mean Scores of the Factors of QWL.Factors Workload Family Life Transportation Compe nsation Policy Colleagues and Supervisor Working Environment Working Condition and Career Growth Mean 3. 0800 3. 4350 3. 4900 2. 5325 4. 0325 3. 8700 3. 4850 Std. excursion . 50861 . 94054 . 86524 1. 02473 . 74845 . 76581 . 64630 Table 5 Regression Analysis. Model 1 R . 652(a) R Square . 425 Adjusted R Square . 381 Std. faulting of the Estimate . 48606 a. Predictors (Constant), Working Condition and Career Growth, Work Load, Transportation, Compensation Policy, Family Life, Colleagues and Supervisor, Working Environment Table 6 ANOVA.Model Regression 1 Residual Total Sum of Squares 16. 072 21. 735 37. 807 df 7 92 99 Mean Square 2. 296 . 236 F 9. 718 Sig. .000(a) a. Predictors (Constant), Working Condition and Career Growth, Work Load, Transportation, Compensation Policy, Family Life, Colleagues and Supervisor, Working Environment b. Dependent Variable QWL 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh Table 7 Hypothesis Testing. Coefficients (a)Model (Constant) Work Load Family Life Transportation Compensation Policy Colleagues and Supervisor Working Environment Working Condition and Career Growth Unstandardized Coefficients B 3. 425 . 577 . 287 -. 218 -. 245 -. 104 . 309 -. 308 Std. Error . 604 . 123 . 073 . 078 . 058 . 107 . 123 . 115 . 475 . 436 -. 305 -. 407 -. 126 . 382 -. 322 Standardized Coefficients Beta 5. 668 4. 705 3. 943 -2. 782 -4. 206 -. 974 2. 518 -2. 682 . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 . 332 . 014 . 009 . 007 t Sig. 1 a. Dependent Variable QWL 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I Year 2012 31

Taming the shrew

In a Rom-Com suits and staging poop be very primary(prenominal) as an auditory modality will unremarkably expect a primary(prenominal) and sub plot. In act 5 scene 2 this is shown by the fact that the two important characters Petruichio and Katrina, the two main sub-characters Bianca and Lucientio and two of the sub characters Hortensio and the Widow-who is a new character- and all main characters from both plots atomic number 18 in one room,-which shows the importance of this scene. -talking and celebrating. The women indeed leave which shows that the men are now the most important characters of the moment.The limelight then shifts to each man in turn. Petruichio, Hortensio, Lucientio, and Baptista, before moving on to the servants. When the women return, the limelight brings Katrinas character to centre stage, whilst also bringing Biancas and the Widows shame to light. The way Shakespeare has structured the play is so that that the focus of the audience is never on one pe rson or persons for any sustained amount of time. This allows the audience t experience the play from multiple characters point of view.This is done to illustrate how different males and female are as social groups Shakespeare then uses Katrina as a pivotal character to bring the male and female groups together. on that point are various themes throughout the play there was however two main themes, being nuptials and appearance versus reality, both of which are split into several sub-themes. The sub-themes for marriage include Language-being the frequent use of inner innuendos such as the common use of the words head, horn and just nowt-and consummation. shown when Petruichio asks Katrina to bed. The sub-theme for appearance versus reality suppress and deception, the main plot of this theme is disguise of language and appearance- Petruichio disguises his language to tame Katrina, and Lucientio and Tranio use physical disguises so that Lucientio mass woo Bianca. The end of the play is quite interesting as Shakespeare sexual innuendos and puns to lighten the caprice and to create a merry atmosphere.Read this Puns in the ImportanceThere is also the mentioning of hunting O sir, Lucientio slipped me like his greyhound, Which runs himself and catches for his master which is used as an analogy for wooing the women as wholesome as the flirt, Lets each one send onto his wife, and he whose wife is most obedient to come at first when he doth send for her shall win the wager which we will propose that ends in the most unexpected outcome When the wager is resolved Katrina begins her monologue which includes similes twinned with alliteration.It blots thy beauty as frosts do bite the meads-which means frowning can spoil a womans beauty but also uses alliteration to make the similes effect more profound-as well as lists, repetition, Thy husband is thy lord, thy life thy keeper, thy head thy sovereign, one that cares for us commands, Come, come, you froward and unab le worms and rhetorical questions. What is she but a foul contending rebel and graceless traitor to her loving lord? The language of the speech dampens the mood, which is then lifted by light jesting at the end. In conclusion I would say that Taming the shrew fits with most Rom-Coms but does however differ in many ways the main discrepancies are the enigma of not knowing whether the main couple is happy or not, as well as the opening of a new character in the final scene and the fact that the final speech which is usually given by a male and is normally inviting and merry not witty, cynical, sarcastic and critical.

Characteristics of Successful Online Students Essay

In this age of learner-centered instruction, online instruction provides a alone(p) opportunity for reading materials, tasks, and activities to fit individual learning styles and preferences (Bonk, Wisher & Lee, 2003). Learning styles along with other factors develop an impress on the characteristics of flourishing online learners. Each student is different, how he or she obtain information and apply it to their online learning give view their success. Successful online students must be well rounded, having characteristics to regulate, self-motivate, and manage their condemnation wisely thus, undefeated online students must be responsible and pick up the ability to adapt. Web-based learning has become increasingly popular, as technologies have advanced. Time-management as well as different learning styles has the ability to affect the success of online learners. Online learners must have the ability to manage their time effectively, use visual and non-visual tools also, t hey must be able to manage their resources. disciple backgrounds also affect the success of online learners.Learning styles refer to the different ways learners use to perceive, process and believe information. (Zacharis, N. Z. 2011) Students should determine their learning style and have the ability to apply it to their online learning to better use their time and to obtain the most information out of their learning. In reading this article I have larn it is best for a student to first identify their learning style in order to determine their potential successes and failures in becoming an online learner. Online learning is not for everybody. The content of this article was not surprising I find online learning to be a challenge every day. Each semester you have to become acquainted(predicate) with different teaching styles of professors and their expectations with the inability to personally meet the professor. I found this article to go get hold of in hand with the telephon e line material read this far. It is important to determine learning styles and to determine what kit and caboodle best for you, such as flashcards, highlighting, reading and re-reading. Each individual is different, it is important to determine a visualise of action in order for an online learner to succeed to his or her full potential. Instruct the wise and they testament be wiser still teach the righteous and they will add to their learning. (Proverb 99)This proverb relates to the article and course material in that online courses only provide a sense of direction for a student and what the student does with that direction will determine their success. In my own path of obtaining my online degree I will fetch to better so determine what works best for me, what learning style best fits to my courses and myself. First, I will determine my main learning style. Second, I will apply it to this course and my other courses to determine a plan of action to comp permite the rest of my assignments. Lastly, I will use what I have learn throughout the rest of my degree to achieve the highest level of success and understanding.I believe this information hobo also be applied to everyday life, to manage relationships, money, and time effectively. In conclusion, effective online learning is not for everybody. The success of online learning is determined by the success and abilities of the individual person to comprehend, and manage their time and resources effectively. Characteristics of successful online learners include patience, motivation, and also self-discipline. In proverbs 15 let the wise listen and add to their learning, and let the discerning get guidance.Works CitedBonk, C. J., Wisher, R. A. & Lee, J. (2003). Moderating learner-centered e-learning problems and solutions, benefits and implications. In T. S. Roberts (Ed.), Online collaborative learning theory and perform (pp. 5485). Hershey, PA Idea Group Publishing. Zacharis, N. Z. (2011), The effect of lea rning style on preference for web-based courses and learning outcomes. British Journal of Educational Technology, 42 790800. doi 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2010.01104.x

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Adolesent Drug Abuse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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